Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) ryashyize gukubita no guhana abana ibihano bibabaza umubiri mu bibazo by’ubuzima bihangayikishije Isi, ko bigomba guhagurukirwa, kuko biteza ingaruka zikomeye ku buzima bw’umubiri n’ubw’imitekerereze bw’abana, kandi bishobora no gutuma barushaho kujya mu bikorwa by’ubugome.
Mu myaka 78 Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibyumbye ryita ku buzima, OMS rimaze nibwo bwa mbere risohoye raporo ivuga kuri iki kibazo.
OMS yavuze ko ‘bihano bibabaza umubiri’ bihabwa abana, ari ikibazo gikomeye kubera ingaruka z’igihe kigufi n’ikirere bigira ku mwana wabihawe, ihamagarira ibihugu byose kugira icyo bikora.
Raporo kuri icyo kibazo yashyizwe ahagaragara mu nama yabaye hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga ku itariki ya 20 Kanama 2025 mu biganiro byiswe ‘Digital Dialogue’ bigamije gukurikirana ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibyemerejwe mu nama ya mbere mpuzamahanga y’Abaminisitiri ku kurandura ihohoterwa rikorerwa abana.
Iyo raporo igaragaza ko mu bihugu 49 bikennye n’ibiri mu nzira y’amajyambere abana bahura n’ibihano bibabaza umubiri.
Isobanura ibyo bihano nk’ibihano byose bikoresha imbaraga z’umubiri bigamije guteza umwana ikigero runaka cy’ububabare cyangwa kumubuza umudendezo, nubwo byaba byoroheje.
Yerekana ko nibura abana miliyari 1.2 bafite imyaka hagati ya 0–18 bahabwa ibihano bibabaza umubiri iwabo mu Ngo buri mwaka, ndetse 17% bahura n’ibihano bikakaye bibabaza umubiri buri kwezi.
Ibi bihano kandi bikunze kuboneka mu mashuri mu bice byinshi, aho 70% by’abana muri Afurika no muri Amerika yo Hagati baba barahuye nabyo mu buzima bwabo bw’ishuri.
Mu bana bafite imyaka 2 kugeza kuri 14, raporo igaragaza ko ababyeyi n’abarezi ubwabo bemera ko mu kwezi gushize bakoreshaga ibihano bibabaza umubiri ku rugero rwa 30% muri Kazakhstan, 32% muri Ukraine, 63% muri Serbia, 64% muri Sierra Leone na 77% muri Togo.
Mu Karere k’Amajyepfo y’Uburengerazuba bw’inyanja ya Pasifika, ibipimo niho biri hasi ku kigero cya 25%.
Mu bice byose by’Isi, raporo igaragaza ko gukoresha ibihano by’umubiri bikunze kugaragara cyane mu mashuri abanza no mu yisumbuye.
OMS yemeza ko ibimenyetso bigaragaza ko ibihano bibabaza umubiri aho biva bikagera bihungabanya; ubuzima bw’umubiri n’ubw’imitekerereze bw’umwana, imikurire y’ubwenge no mu mibanire, n’imikorere y’ubwonko.
Ni mu gihe ababitanga bibeshya ko bikosora abana, OMS yemeza ko bishyira mu bana imyitwarire idahwitse, bikagabanya ikinyabupfura, bikongera imyitwarire mibi, ubugome n’ubugizi bwa nabi.
Umwana wakuze ahabwa ibihano bibabaza umubiri bikakaye n’ibidakakaye ngo ashobora kuba umuntu mukuru ushobora kugirira abandi urugomo cyangwa iyica rubozo, kurangwa n’imibanire idahwitse mu muryango, kugabanyuka k’ubushobozi bwo gutsinda no kurangiza amashuri.
Raporo igaragaza ko abana bagira ibyago byinshi byo guhabwa ibihano bibabaza umubiri; ari abafite ubumuga; ibibazo byo mu muryango nk’ababyeyi bafite uburwayi bwo mu mutwe nk’agahinda gakabije, kunywa ibiyobyabwenge; ndetse n’ibibazo by’imibereho birimo ubukene.
Raporo isoza ivuga ko hari ibimenyetso bihagije by’ubushakashatsi bigaragaza ko gukoresha ibihano bibabaza umubiri ku bana bitera ingaruka nyinshi mbi kandi ntakamaro na gake bifitiye abana, ababyeyi cyangwa sosiyete.
Ivuga ko gukomeza gukoresha ibihano bibabaza umubiri no kumva ntacyo bitwaye mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe nubwo hari amategeko abibuza, bigaragaza ko gushyiraho ayo mategeko bigomba kujyana n’ubukangurambaga bwo kuyasobanura ndetse no gufasha ababyeyi n’abarimu gukoresha uburyo bwo guhana abana butababaza umubiri.
Mu Rwanda, ibi bihuye neza n’ingamba ziriho zo kurengera uburenganzira bw’umwana, binyuze mu mategeko no mu bukangurambaga nk’ubwa NCPD, MINIJUST, n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa.
(Inkuru ya Habimana Ramadhani umunyamakuru wa INDORERWAMO)
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