Umutangabuhamya Monique Mujawamariya yashinje Félicien Kabuga uregwa ibyaha bya jenoside kuba yari mu nama mu 1993 muri hoteli y’i Kigali yo gutangiza radio RTLM, yashishikarizaga Interahamwe kwica Abatutsi.
Mujawamariya avuga ko mbere no mu gihe cya jenoside yo mu Rwanda yo mu 1994 yari impirimbanyi iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu.
Yabwiye urugereko rw’i La Haye (The Hague) rwasigaye ruca imanza zitarangijwe n’urukiko rwa Arusha (ICTR/TPIR) ko na we yari yatumiwe muri iyo nama ku gutangiza icyo gitangazamakuru kitari icya leta.
Ariko avuga ko nyuma yo kubona ko abayirimo ari abo mu cyitwaga ‘Akazu’ bari hafi y’ubutegetsi, yahise ayivamo kuko yabonaga ko nta kintu cyiza igamije.
Avuga ko yibuka abona Kabuga ategereje ko iyo nama itangira kuri hoteli. Mu bitabiriye iyo nama ngo harimo na Ferdinand Nahimana n’uwo yise Jean Baptiste Barayagwiza.
Mbere yaho, umucamanza uyoboye iburanisha yari yavuze ko Kabuga atitabira iri buranisha, ku mpamvu umucamanza atavuze, ariko ko urubanza rukomeza Kabuga adahari.
Mu gihe cyashize, Kabuga yahakanye ibyaha aregwa bya jenoside.
Mu iburanisha ryo kuri uyu wa kabiri, umunyamategeko wo ku ruhande rushinja Kabuga yabanje gutanga incamake y’ubuhamya bwa Mujawamariya.
Bukubiyemo n’ubwo yatanze mu 2001 mu rukiko rwa Arusha mu rubanza rwa Ferdinand Nahimana na bagenzi be, rwiswe urubanza rw’itangazamakuru.
Nahimana yahamijwe na ICTR ibyaha bya jenoside bijyanye n’uruhare rwe mu gushishikariza jenoside binyuze muri RTLM kubera ububasha yari ayifiteho nk’uwayishinze.
Nyuma y’iyo ncamake, uwo munyamategeko yagiye abaza Mujawamariya ibibazo byo gutuma asobanura kurushaho ubuhamya bwe.
Mujawamariya, uvuga ko avuka kuri nyina w’Umututsikazi na se w’Umuhutu akaba igihe kinini akimara aba muri Canada ariko ajya anyuzamo akaba mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’amezi, yavuze ko yari yarashakanye n’umusirikare ukomeye ukomoka ku Gisenyi mu majyaruguru y’igihugu.
Gushakana n’uwo mugabo ngo byatumaga amenya ibyategurwaga by’ubwicanyi, ndetse ngo ku itariki ya 26 y’ukwezi kwa gatatu mu 1994 yabitanzeho raporo ku miryango yo mu mahanga iharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu nka Human Rights Watch na Amnesty International.
Avuga ko ku itariki ya 7 y’ukwezi kwa kane mu 1994, RTLM yatangaje izina rye bigatuma Interahamwe ziza iwe kumushakisha ngo zimwice, ariko akaza gushobora kurokoka agahungira mu mahanga ku itariki ya 12 y’ukwezi kwa kane mu 1994 nubwo ibitangazamakuru byari byaramaze gutangaza ko yapfuye.
Mujawamariya avuga ko yibasirwaga n’Interahamwe n’ubutegetsi bwariho kuko yabubwiraga ibyo bwakoraga nabi, birimo nko guhonyora uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ubwicanyi bugambiriye abantu bamwe.
Avuga ko muri bimwe mu byo RTLM yamutangajeho, hari ubwo kuri RTLM bibajije niba nta bagabo b’Abahutu bahagije bahari bo kumwitaho, ibyo we yumvise nko gushishikariza kumufata ku ngufu.
Nyuma yo guhunga, avuga ko muri Amerika yahuye n’abategetsi batandukanye b’Amerika akababwira ibyari birimo kubera mu Rwanda.
Mu bo yahuye na bo, avuga ko harimo abajenerali bo mu biro bikuru by’ingabo z’Amerika – Pentagon – abifashijwemo n’impirimbanyi yaharaniraga uburenganzira bwa muntu y’Umunyamerika, Alison Des Forges, bajyaga bakorana akiri no mu Rwanda.
Avuga ko RTLM yari “igikoresho kibi cyane… radio yakoreshwaga mu gutangaza intambara”.
Mujawamariya avuga ko mu kwezi kwa gatanu mu 1994 yahuye na Des Forges baganira ku buryo RTLM yafungwa ntishobore kumvikana mu gihugu.
Yanabwiye urukiko ko yoherereje ibaruwa uwari Perezida w’Amerika icyo gihe, Bill Clinton, amusaba ko Amerika yemera ko ibyari birimo kuba mu Rwanda byari jenoside. Ngo iyo baruwa yayanditse mu Gifaransa, Des Forges amufasha mu kuyisemura ayishyira mu Cyongereza.
Umunyamategeko Françoise Matte wo mu itsinda ryunganira Kabuga ubwo yahataga ibibazo Mujawamariya
Umwe mu bagize inteko y’abacamanza yabajije Mujawamariye icyamuteye kubona abo bantu avuga ko bari bitabiriye inama yo gutangiza RTLM agahita yihutira kwemeza ko ari abo mu ‘Kazu’.
Yasubije ko yari ari hafi y”Akazu’ kuko umugabo we yari umusirikare wo hejuru kandi ukomoka ku Gisenyi, nubwo we atari muri ako ‘Kazu’.
Undi mucamanza yanamusobanuje icyo yashatse kuvuga mu nyandiko y’incamake y’ubuhamya bwe ubwo yavugaga ko mu Rwanda “amagambo yica vuba cyane kandi bya nyabyo cyane kurusha intwaro”.
Mujawamariye yasubije ko mu Rwanda byari bihagije kuvuga ko umuntu kanaka akorana n’Inkotanyi, bugacya atakaza akazi ke kandi n’abo mu muryango we bikabagiraho ingaruka.
Undi mucamanza yamubajije icyatumaga abasirikare bo ku rwego rwa jenerali bamugirira icyizere kuburyo bamubwira ibyari birimo gutegurwa, asubiza ko umugabo we akomoka mu majyaruguru aho abari mu ‘Kazu’ bakomokaga.
Uruhande rwunganira Kabuga rwahawe ijambo n’inteko y’abacamanza kugira ngo ruhate ibibazo Mujawamariya bijyanye n’ubuhamya bwe – uburyo buzwi nka ‘contre-interrogatoire’ (cross-examination).
Nuko umunyamategeko Françoise Matte wo muri iryo tsinda abaza Mujawamariya niba na we yari ari mu ishyaka ryari ku butegetsi rya MRND, nkuko byari bimeze ku Banyarwanda muri rusange mbere y’umwaduko w’amashyaka menshi mu 1991.
Yavuze ko atari ari muri MRND, ariko ko mu 1992 yagiye mu ishyaka, akajya mu ryitwaga MDR, akarimaramo amezi abiri, akarivamo amaze kubona ritangiye kuvukamo ibibazo byo gusubiranamo.
Yabajijwe niba MDR yari ifite umutwe w’urubyiruko ruyishamikiyeho kandi niba wo wari umunyamahoro, asubiza ko atabyibuka kuko atari abyitayeho ndetse akaba yari afite ibindi ahugiyemo nyuma yo kuva muri MDR.
Umunyamategeko Françoise yanabajije Mujawamariya niba we ubwe yarigeze yumva ibiganiro bya RTLM, avuga ko yabyumvise, nkaho abanyamakuru bayo bashishikarizaga gufata abagore ku ngufu no gukora ubwicanyi.
Yabajijwe gusobanura icyo yashatse kuvuga ubwo yavugaga mu buhamya bwe mu rukiko rwa Arusha ko mu byumweru bitatu bya mbere ibiganiro bya RTLM byari byiza, nk’ikintu (radio) gishya, nka radio ifite umuziki mwiza.
Yavuze ko atabyibuka niba yaravugaga ibyumweru bitatu bya nyuma yuko RTLM itangiye cyangwa ibyumweru bitatu bya nyuma yuko we atangiye kuyumva.
Yanabajijwe ku buhamya yatanze avuga ko FPR yashyiraga abana mu gisirikare, avuga ko ari byo kuko yavuganye n’umwe mu babashyiragamo wabimubwiye, ariko avuga ko atibuka niba FPR yarakomeje gushyira mu gisirikare abo bana, babaga bafite imyaka nka 15 – babaga ari abana batishoboye basangwaga nko ku isoko.
(Inkuru ya BBC)
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