Leta ya Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo n’umutwe w’inyeshyamba wa AFC/M23 uyirwanya bashyize umukono ku miterere-remezo y’amasezerano y’amahoro yo kurangiza intambara yo mu burasirazuba bw’igihugu.
Impande zombi zashyize umukono kuri iyo nyandiko ku wa gatandatu i Doha ku buhuza bwa Qatar.
Byashimwe n’ibihugu nk’u Rwanda, Qatar, Amerika, Ububiligi, Ubufaransa n’Ubwongereza, nk’intambwe y’ingenzi itewe iganisha ku mahoro.
Umusesenguzi kuri DRC yabwiye BBC News Gahuzamiryango ko atekereza ko ibyasinywe bigamije “kugaragaza ko intambwe irimo guterwa, ariko igice kinini cy’ibiganiro ntikiraza”.
Ibyagezweho ku wa gatandatu byubakiye ku isinywa ry’itangazo ry’amahame aganisha ku mahoro Kinshasa na M23 bashyizeho umukono muri Nyakanga (7) uyu mwaka.
Ariko iyi miterere-remezo ubwayo y’amasezerano y’amahoro ntirimo ingingo zitegeka buri ruhande ko rugomba kuyubahiriza. Ahubwo harimo ibyo buri ruhande rwiyemeje byo kugeza ku bumwe, kubaka icyizere, no gucubya ubushyamirane bikozwe mu byiciro.
Iyi miterere-remezo y’amasezerano y’amahoro ikubiye mu ngingo nkuru umunani buri ruhande rwiyemeje gushyira mu bikorwa, ari zo:
- Uburyo bwo kurekura imfungwa (zo mu ntambara)
- Uburyo bwo kugenzura iyubahirizwa ry’agahenge
- Gutuma imiryango ikora ubutabazi (ifasha) igera ku babucyeneye
- Gusubizaho ubutegetsi bwa Leta
- Kwambura intwaro no gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe imitwe yitwaje intwaro
- Koroshya isubira mu byabo mu buryo butekanye ku bantu bavuye mu byabo bari imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’impunzi
- Kongera kubaka ubukungu
- Ubutabera, ukuri n’ubwiyunge
Massad Boulos, umujyanama mukuru kuri Afurika wa Perezida w’Amerika, na we wari uri muri uwo muhango, yavuze ko “zifatiwe hamwe, izi nshingano zizongerera imbaraga umusingi w’amahoro, umutekano, no kongera kubaka icyizere mu baturage bagizweho ingaruka”.
Boulos yongeyeho ko Amerika ishimira impande zombi kuri ibi zagezeho, na leta ya Qatar ku bw’ubuhuza bwayo.
Umusesenguzi kuri DRC yagaragaje kwigengesera ku byagezweho n’impande zombi i Doha, abwira BBC News Gahuzamiryango ari muri Amerika ko “aya mu by’ukuri ni amasezerano yo gutuma ibiganiro bikomeza”.
Profeseri Jason Stearns, Umunyamerika wigisha siyansi ya politike kuri Kaminuza ya ‘Simon Fraser University’ muri Canada, wanditse ibitabo ku ntambara zo muri DRC no kuri politike y’icyo gihugu, yongeyeho ati:
“Aya mu by’ukuri si amasezerano ajyanye n’ingingo ya nyayo yo kutavuga rumwe hagati ya M23 na leta ya DRC.
“Rero icyemeranyijweho gusa hano ni uko impande zombi zizakomeza kuganira, ndetse ubu ibyo biganiro bikaba bigiye kwibanda kuri izi ngingo umunani, ebyiri muri zo zikaba zemeranyijweho – agahenge no guhererekanya imfungwa – izindi [ngingo] esheshatu zikaba zisigaje kuganirwaho.
“Rero ku byo numva ni uko bazakomeza kuganira i Doha, ku buhuza bwa leta ya Qatar, kuri izi ngingo zinyuranye, kandi bakaba bagomba gutangira gukora kuri izi ngingo mu byumweru bibiri biri imbere. Rero mu by’ukuri ntekereza ko [imiterere-remezo y’amasezerano y’amahoro] yashyizweho umukono kugira ngo hakomeze kugira igikorwa no kugaragaza ko intambwe irimo guterwa, ariko igice kinini cy’ibiganiro ntikiraza.”
Kuva mu ntangiriro y’uyu mwaka, M23 igenzura umujyi wa Goma, umurwa mukuru w’intara ya Kivu ya Ruguru, na Bukavu, umurwa mukuru wa Kivu y’Epfo, n’ibindi bice byinshi byo muri izo ntara, muri iyi ntambara yongeye kwaduka mu mpera y’umwaka wa 2021, nubwo imaze imyaka hafi 30 ihagarara ikongera ikubura.
Leta y’u Rwanda yashimye isinywa ry’imiterere-remezo y’amasezerano y’amahoro hagati ya M23 na DR Congo, ivuga ko ari “icyiciro gikomeye cyo mu nzira iganisha ku icyemurwa burundu ry’impamvu-muzi z’intambara yo mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, hamwe n'[icyemurwa ry’] imbogamizi ku mahoro mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari”.
U Rwanda rushinjwa muri raporo z’inzobere za ONU gufasha mu basirikare n’ibikoresho, kugenzura no guha amategeko M23, ikirego ruhakana, rukavuga gusa ko rwashyizeho “ingamba z’ubwirinzi”. Kinshasa yakomeje gusaba ko rukura ingabo zarwo ku butaka bwa DRC.
DRC na yo ishinjwa muri izo raporo z’inzobere za ONU gukorana n’umutwe w’inyeshyamba wa FDLR ukorera mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu urwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda, ikirego Kinshasa ihakana, ivuga ko nta gahunda ya leta iriho yo gukorana n’uwo mutwe. Kinshasa yaburiye ko umusirikare wayo uzafatwa akorana na FDLR azabihanirwa, isaba abagize uwo mutwe gushyira intwaro hasi.
Ku itariki ya 19 Nyakanga (7) uyu mwaka, i Doha na bwo, leta ya DRC na M23 bashyize umukono ku mahame yo kurangiza intambara mu burasirazuba bw’icyo gihugu.
Muri ayo mahame, akubiye mu ngingo nkuru zirindwi impande zombi zemeranyije icyo gihe, harimo nk'”agahenge gahoraho”, hirindwa ibitero byo mu kirere, ku butaka cyangwa mu mazi cyangwa ikindi gikorwa cyose cyo kudurumbanya, no kureka itangazwa ry’icengezamatwara ry’urwango cyangwa rikangurira gukora urugomo.
Ariko nyuma y’icyo gihe hakomeje kwitana ba mwana, buri ruhande rushinja urundi kurenga ku gahenge, ndetse imirwano ntiyahagaze.
Qatar, Amerika, Togo n’umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika bakomeje kugira uruhare muri iyi gahunda. Icyizere ni uko kuri iyi nshuro isinywa ry’iyi miterere-remezo y’amasezerano y’amahoro rishobora guharura inzira iganisha ku kubahiriza agahenge no ku mahoro arambye.
Boulos yavuze ko “vuba aha cyane” biteganyijwe ko Perezida w’u Rwanda Paul Kagame na Perezida wa DRC Félix Tshisekedi bahurira muri Amerika ku butumire bwa Perezida Donald Trump, inama yabo ikaba “intangiriro ya gahunda yose”, harimo n’isinywa ry'”amasezerano menshi” no gushimangira kwiyemeza amahoro hagati y’u Rwanda na DRC.
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