Abategetsi barindwi b’ibihugu bya Africa bari mu nzira berekeza muri Ukraine no mu Burusiya mu ntego yo kugerageza guhosha no kurangiza intambara.
Amashusho ku mbuga nkoranyambaga yerekanye abarimo Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa wa Africa y’Epfo, Macky Sall wa Senegal, Azali Assoumani w’ibirwa bya Coromos bari muri gariyamoshi muri Pologne bivugwa ko yari yerekeje i Kyiv.
Bari kumwe kandi n’intumwa zihagarariye abategetsi ba Congo-Brazzaville, Misiri na Ruhakana Rugunda, intumwa yihariye ihagarariye Perezida Museveni wa Uganda.
Iri tsinda biteganyijwe ko none kuwa gatanu rihura na Perezida Volodymyr Zelensky naho kuwa gatandatu bagahura na Perezida Vladimir Putin.
Hari icyo ubu butumwa bwabo bushobora kugeraho?
Perezida Cyril Ramaphosa nta ngengabihe yatanze cyangwa imirongo ngenderwaho y’ibyo bifuza ubwo yatangaza uyu mugambi mu kwezi gushize, abandi baziyongera muri uyu muhate wo gushaka amahoro barimo Ubushinwa, Turukiya na Papa Francis.
Kingsley Makhubela wahoze ari umudiplomate wa Africa y’Epfo, aribaza ati: “Ni izihe ngufu ubu butumwa bwabo bufite? Ntabwo bisobanutse. Ese ni amahirwe yo kwifotoza ku bategetsi ba Africa?”
Ubu butumwa ntibusanzwe ukurikije uburyo igice kinini cya Africa cyifashe kuri iyi ntambara benshi hano babona nko guhangana hagati y’Uburusiya n’Uburengerazuba.
Ni umuhate kandi udasanzwe wa diplomasi wo kugerageza gukemura ikibazo cyo hanze ya Africa “ikintu cyiza” urebye uburyo Africa irimo kurushaho gusaba kugira ijambo rinini muri ONU/UN no mu yindi miryango mpuzamahanga, nk’uko bivugwa na Murithi Mutiga, umukuru w’ishami rya Africa mu kigo International Crisis Group (ICG).
Umugabo wateguye uyu mugambi, Jean-Yves Ollivier, yavuze ko wagera ku ntego zidahambaye.
Akuriye ikigo gikorera mu Bwongereza kitwa Brazzaville Foundation, cyibanda cyane ku bikorwa by’amahoro n’iterambere muri Africa.
Ollivier yahagaritse kongera kuvuga kuri uru rugendo rw’abakuru b’ibihugu kuva amatariki yarwo amenyekanye. Ariko mu biganiro yatanze mbere yari yavuze gahunda zarwo.
Yavuze ko intego ari ugutangiza kuganira kurusha gukemura ikibazo ako kanya, gutangiza ibiganiro ku bibazo bitareba ibya gisirikare ako kanya bagahera aho.
Kimwe muri byo ni ukugurana imfungwa hagati y’Uburusiya na Ukraine.
Ikindi ni ukugerageza kubona ibisubizo ku bibazo bya Africa, nk’ibinyampeke n’ifumbire.
Iyi ntambara yahungabanyije bikomeye iyoherezwa ry’ibinyampeke biva muri Ukraine n’ifumbire iva mu Burusiya, bitera ikibazo cy’ibiribwa ku isi. Africa, icungira cyane ku kuzana ibi byombi, niyo yahagorewe kurusha abandi.
Ollivier yavuze ko abategetsi ba Africa bageregeza kumvisha Uburusiya ko bukwiye kongera amasezerano adakomeye yemerera ubwato bwa Ukraine gucisha ibinyampeke mu nyanja y’umukara bugenzura.
Bagasaba kandi Kyiv gushaka inzira zo koroshya amananiza ku kohereza ifumbure y’Uburusiya ubu yafatiriwe ku byambu ahantu hatandukanye.
Mutiga we avuga ko hari n’ibimenyetso ko aba bategetsi ba Africa “bazagerageza no guhuza impande zombi”.
Igitutu cya USA kuri Africa y’Epfo
Iri tsinda ryateguwe mu buryo bwitondewe: Abaperezida batanu, n’intumwa ya Uganda, ihagarariye Perezida Yoweri Museveni uri mu rugo kuko arwaye Covid-19.
Bava mu bice bitandukanye bya Africa kandi bafite ibitekerezo bitandukanye kuri iyi ntambara.
Africa y’Epfo na Uganda zibonwa nk’izihengamiye ku Burusiya, mu gihe Zambia na Comoros zegereye cyane Uburengerazuba. Naho Misiri, Senegal na Congo-Brazaville zakomeje kwifata cyane kuri iyi ntambara.
Ariko vuba aha Africa y’Epfo yo yanagiye ku gitutu cya Amerika kuko byavuzwe ko yaba ifasha Uburusiya muri iyi ntambara. Byavuzwe ko yaba yoherereza intwaro Moscow, ariko Africa y’Epfo yarabihakanye.
Ubutegetsi bwa Biden butegereje ibiva mu iperereza rya leta ya Pretoria, ariko itsinda ry’abadepite bo muri Amerika ryo rirashaka ko White House ihana Africa y’Epfo igahagarika amasezerano akomeye bafitanye y’ubucuruzi.
Alex Vines ukuriye Africa Programme mur kigo Chatham House cy’i Londres ati: “Ntekereza ko [buriya butumwa] buri mu murongo wifuzwa na Africa y’Epfo mu kwisobanura.”
Dr Vines avuga ko Abanyamerika batakirimo kugerageza gusaba Africa guhitamo uruhande muri iyi ntambara nk’uko babikoze igitangira.
Ibihugu byinshi bya Africa byahisemo kutagira aho bibogamira, ibyo Amerika yemera ko bifite ihuriro n’amateka yo mu Ntambara y’Ubutita kandi bidasobanuye ko abadafite aho babogamiye bashyigikiye Moscow.
Washington ubu “ishyigikiye kutabogama by’ukuri”, nk’uko Dr Dines abivuga, “niho hava igitutu kuri Africa y’Epfo ubu ngo igaragaze ko mu by’ukuri ntaho ibogamiye.”
Perezida Ramaphosa yagize uruhare runini ngo uru rugendo rushoboke, yahamagaye ba Perezida Putin na Zelensky, ndetse aha raporo umunyamabanga mukuru wa ONU Antonio Guterres.
Nubwo yaba Uburusiya cyangwa Ukraine ubu nta bushake bigaragaza bw’ibiganiro, byombi bifite inyungu muri uru ruzinduko.
Moscow imaze igihe irushaho kongera ijambo ryayo muri Africa kandi yizeye kubigaragaza mu nama ya Russia-Africa izabera i St Petersburg mu kwezi gutaha.
Ukraine nayo imaze iminsi igerageza umuhate wa diplomasi muri Africa. Mu minsi ishize minisitiri wayo w’ububanyi n’amahanga yari kuri uyu mugabane mu gusobanura impamvu yabo kandi yakwishimira n’andi mahirwe yo kubikora.
Dr Makhubela ati: “Abanya-Ukraine bashobora kugerageza kumvisha aba bategetsi ba Africa ko badakwiye kwitabira iriya nama y’Uburusiya.
“Abarusiya nabo barashaka kwerekana ko batari bonyine. Niyo mpamvu ibi bishobora kuba ikibazo cy’amahitamo ku bategetsi ba Africa niba bazajya i St Petersburg cyangwa ntaho bazajya.”
Abasesenguzi babona iriya nama y’i St Petersburg nk’ikimenyetso cy’umubano wa Africa n’Uburusiya ariko udashingiye ku ngengabitekerezo yabwo.
Dr Vines avuga ko abahoze ari abarwanyi ba guerrilla muri Mozambique aherutse kuganira nabo bamubwiye ko igishishikaje Abanyafurika ubu ari igiciro cy’imibereho kuko “iriya ni itambara iri kure y’Abanyaburayi”.
Kuri Mutiga, iki ni kimwe mu biha ingufu abategetsi ba Africa ko bashobora guhuza abahanganye ku meza y’ibiganiro by’amahoro, mu gihe baba bemeye kwicarana.
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