Édouard Balladur, umwe mu banyapolitiki bakomeye bagize uruhare mu buyobozi bw’u Bufaransa mu myaka ya za 1990, yapfuye ku wa 31 Kanama 2026 afite imyaka 97. Urupfu rwe rwongeye kugarura mu biganiro amateka y’u Bufaransa mu Rwanda, cyane cyane mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Balladur wari Minisitiri w’Intebe w’u Bufaransa hagati ya Werurwe 1993 na Gicurasi 1995, yapfiriye i Paris nyuma y’ubuzima bwamaze imyaka hafi ijana. Yari umwe mu bayobozi bakomeye bagize uruhare mu miyoborere y’u Bufaransa mu gihe kirenga imyaka 50, aho yanabaye Minisitiri w’Ubukungu mbere yo kugera ku mwanya wa Minisitiri w’Intebe.
Yavukiye mu mujyi wa Izmir muri Turukiya ku wa 2 Gicurasi 1929, aza gukurira mu Bufaransa nyuma y’uko umuryango we uhimukira muri icyo gihugu. Yize amashuri akomeye ategura abayobozi bakuru b’u Bufaransa, aza kuba umwe mu bantu bizewe cyane mu buyobozi bwa Georges Pompidou ndetse nyuma aba umwe mu nkingi za mwamba za politiki y’aba-Guallistes.
Mu 1993, yagizwe Minisitiri w’Intebe ku butegetsi bwa Perezida François Mitterrand. Icyo gihe ni bwo u Bufaransa bwari bugeze mu bihe bikomeye haba imbere mu gihugu no mu mubano mpuzamahanga. Muri iyo myaka kandi ni bwo Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda yabaye, ihitana abarenga miliyoni imwe mu mezi atatu gusa.
Izina rye rizahora rihuzwa n’amateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi
Nubwo Balladur azibukirwa mu Bufaransa nk’umwe mu bayobozi bakoze amavugurura akomeye mu bukungu, ku Banyarwanda benshi izina rye rikomeza kugaruka cyane mu mateka ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
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Mu gihe Jenoside yabaga hagati ya Mata na Nyakanga 1994, Balladur yari ayoboye Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa, igihugu cyari gisanzwe gifitanye umubano wa hafi n’ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana mbere y’uko Jenoside iba. Icyo gihe u Bufaransa bwari bumaze imyaka butanga ubufasha bwa gisirikare, amahugurwa n’ubufasha bwa dipolomasi ku butegetsi bwari buri i Kigali.
Nyuma ya Jenoside, uruhare rw’u Bufaransa rwakomeje kuba kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye byaganiriweho mu rwego mpuzamahanga. Raporo zitandukanye zakozwe n’abashakashatsi, imiryango mpuzamahanga ndetse na Komisiyo y’u Rwanda yakoze iperereza ku ruhare rw’u Bufaransa, zagaragaje ko abayobozi bamwe bo muri icyo gihugu bari bafite amakuru ku myiteguro y’ubwicanyi bwategurwaga ariko ntihagire ingamba zihagije zifatwa kugira ngo buhagarikwe.
Mu mwaka wa 2008, Komisiyo y’u Rwanda yari iyobowe na Jean de Dieu Mucyo yashyize hanze raporo yashinjaga bamwe mu bayobozi bakomeye b’u Bufaransa kugira uruhare mu bikorwa byafashije ubutegetsi bwateguye Jenoside. Édouard Balladur yari mu mazina y’abayobozi bagaragajwe muri iyo raporo. Nubwo ibyo birego byakomeje kugibwaho impaka n’impande zitandukanye, Balladur ntiyigeze akurikiranwa n’inkiko ku byaha bifitanye isano na Jenoside.
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Operasiyo Turquoise ikomeje guteza impaka
Kimwe mu bikorwa byakomeje guhuza Balladur n’amateka y’u Rwanda ni Operasiyo Turquoise, yatangijwe n’u Bufaransa muri Kamena 1994.
Iyi operasiyo yashyizweho ku burenganzira bw’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, aho u Bufaransa bwavugaga ko yari igamije kurinda abasivili no gutanga ubutabazi mu bice byari byugarijwe n’intambara n’ubwicanyi. Gusa nyuma ya Jenoside, u Rwanda n’abarokotse benshi bakomeje kuvuga ko iyo operasiyo yanenzwe kuba yaratanze inzira ku bamwe mu bakoze Jenoside kugira ngo bahungire mu bihugu by’abaturanyi.
Iyi ngingo ni imwe mu zakomeje guteza impaka hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Bufaransa mu myaka myinshi yakurikiye Jenoside, mbere y’uko ibihugu byombi bitangira inzira yo kongera kubaka umubano wabyo.
Urupfu rwe rwibukije isi amateka atarakira
Urupfu rwa Édouard Balladur ruje mu gihe ibiganiro ku ruhare rw’amahanga muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bikomeje gukorwa n’abashakashatsi, abanyamateka ndetse n’abayobozi b’ibihugu bitandukanye.
Nubwo hari byinshi azibukirwaho mu mateka ya politiki y’u Bufaransa, ku Rwanda no ku barokotse Jenoside, Balladur azakomeza kuba umwe mu bayobozi bari ku isonga ry’ubutegetsi bw’u Bufaransa mu gihe isi yananiwe guhagarika Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.
Nyuma y’imyaka 32 Jenoside ihagaritswe, urupfu rwe rwongeye kwibutsa isi akamaro ko gukomeza gushakisha ukuri ku mateka, kubazwa inshingano ku byabaye no guharanira ko Jenoside itazongera kubaho ukundi aho ari ho hose ku isi.
