Abahanga muri siyansi bo mu Burusiya batangaje raporo ya mbere ku rukingo rwabo rwa coronavirus, bavuga ko amagerageza y’ibanze agaragaza ko rutuma ubwirinzi bw’umubiri bukanguka.
Raporo yabo yasohotse mu kinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi mu buvuzi cya The Lancet.
Iyi raport ivuga ko buri muntu wakoreweho ubwo bushakashatsi yagize abasirikare b’umubiri bo kurwanya iyo virusi ya koronavirusi kandi ko nta ngaruka zikomeye rwagize ku baruhawe.
Kugira ngo ubushakashatsi busohoke mu binyamakuru (journals) nk’icyo, bubanza kugenzurwa n’abandi bahanga bo muri urwo rwego (peer-reviewed).
Mu kwezi gushize kwa munani, leta y’Uburusiya yahaye uruhushya urwo rukingo ngo rukoreshwe imbere mu gihugu.
Uburusiya bwabaye igihugu cya mbere gitanze urwo ruhushya ku rukingo rwa coronavirus, mbere yuko uko rwakozwe bitangazwa.
Inzobere zivuga ko abageragerejweho urwo rukingo rw’Uburusiya ari bacye cyane kuburyo bitagaragaza niba ari ingirakamaro kandi niba nta kibazo rwateza ku buzima.
Ariko ubutegetsi bw’Uburusiya bwashimagije ibyatangajwe muri iyo raporo y’ubushakashatsi, buvuga ko ari igisubizo ku banenga urukingo rw’Uburusiya.
Bamwe mu nzobere z’i Burayi n’Amerika bagaragaje impungenge ku muvuduko w’ubwo bushakashatsi bw’urukingo rw’Uburusiya, bavuga ko abashakashatsi b’Uburusiya bashobora kuba barimo gusimbuka ibyiciro by’ingenzi.
Mu kwezi gushize kwa munani, Perezida Vladimir Putin w’Uburusiya yavuze ko urwo rukingo rwanyuze mu nzira zose z’igenzurwa zisabwa ndetse ko umwe mu bakobwa be na we yahawe urwo rukingo.
Ibyo raporo ivuga ni ibiki?
Amagerageza abiri y’urwo rukingo rwitwa Sputnik-V, yakozwe hagati y’ukwezi kwa gatandatu n’ukwezi kwa karindwi uyu mwaka, nkuko ikinyamakuru cy’ubushakashatsi mu buvuzi The Lancet cyabitangaje.
Buri gerageza rwakorewe ku bantu 38 batarwaye, bemeye ku bushake ko barugeragerezwaho.
Buri muntu ahabwa doze (dose) y’urwo rukingo, nuko nyuma y’ibyumweru bitatu yongerwa indi doze yarwo yo gushimangira doze ya mbere.
Abo baruhawe – bafite hagati y’imyaka 18 na 60 y’amavuko – bagenzuwe mu gihe cy’iminsi 42. Bose bagize abasirikare b’umubiri mu gihe cy’ibyumweru bitatu.
Zimwe mu ngaruka zihuriweho cyane urwo rukingo rwabagizeho, ni ukurwara umutwe no kubabara mu ngingo.
Abo bahawe urwo rukingo ntabwo baruhawe mu buryo bwo gutomboza (random), bivuze ko nta buryo bwa ‘placebo’ (bw’umuti utari nyakuri) bwakoreshejwe, ndetse abo bose bari babizi neza ko barimo guhabwa urukingo.
Iyo raporo y’ubushakashatsi igira iti:
“Amagerageza manini, amara igihe kirekire arimo no kugereranya ‘placebo’, ndetse n’ukundi kugenzura biracyenewe kugira ngo hagaragare ko nta kibazo ruteza mu gihe kirekire kandi ko ari ingirakamaro mu kurinda ubwandu bwa Covid-19”.
Icyiciro cya gatatu cy’amagerageza kizakorerwa ku bantu 40,000 babyemeye ku bushake “bo mu byiciro bitandukanye by’imyaka kandi bo mu matsinda atandukanye afite ibyago byo kwandura”, nkuko ikinyamakuru The Lancet cyabitangaje.
Urukingo rw’Uburusiya rukoresha amoko ya virusi ya ‘adenovirus’ – virusi ubusanzwe itera ibicurane – agafasha gukangura ubwirinzi bw’umubiri.
