Abanyamerika Robert E. Hall na Michael Woodford bahawe igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu by’Ubukungu, kubera ubushakashatsi bwabo bwagize uruhare mu guteza imbere uburyo bwo guhangana n’ihindagurika rikomeye ry’ubukungu no kubusigasira mu buryo burambye.
Igihembo cyatangajwe kuri uyu wa Mbere, tariki ya 12 Ukwakira 2026, aho aba bashakashatsi bashimiwe uruhare bagize mu gusobanura uko politiki y’ifaranga n’imari ya Leta bishobora kugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’ubukungu n’uburyo ibihugu byafata ibyemezo bigamije kuwurinda ihungabana.
Robert Hall w’imyaka 83 ni umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Stanford muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Azwiho kuba yarakoze ubushakashatsi ku bukungu, isoko ry’umurimo n’imyitwarire y’abaguzi, byagize uruhare mu gusobanura uko ibyemezo by’abantu n’ibigo bigira ingaruka ku bukungu rusange.
Michael Woodford, yavutse mu mwaka w’i 1955, ni umwarimu muri Kaminuza ya Columbia i New York, uyu nawe amenyekanye cyane mu bushakashatsi ku micungire ya politiki y’ifaranga n’uruhare ibyitezweho ku bukungu bigira mu gufata ibyemezo by’inzego zishinzwe ubukungu.
Ubushakashatsi bw’aba bombi bwafashije mu guteza imbere uburyo bwo gusesengura uko ubukungu bwitwara mu bihe by’izamuka ry’ibiciro, ihungabana ry’amasoko, igabanuka ry’umusaruro n’izamuka ry’ubushomeri. Ibyo bituma inzego zishinzwe ubukungu zibona uburyo bunoze bwo gufata ibyemezo bigamije kugabanya ingaruka z’ihungabana ry’ubukungu no gushyigikira iterambere rirambye.
Igihembo cyitiriwe Nobel mu by’Ubukungu kizwi ku izina rya Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel bahawe, cyatangiye gutangwa mu mwaka w’i 1969, nyuma y’urupfu rwa Alfred Nobel, kikaba gitangwa ku bashakashatsi bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere ubumenyi mu by’ubukungu.
Ubushakashatsi nk’ubwa Hall na Woodford bufite akamaro mu gihe ibihugu bikomeje gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo birimo izamuka ry’ibiciro, ihindagurika ry’amasoko n’izindi mpinduka zishobora guhungabanya imibereho y’abaturage n’iterambere ry’ubukungu.
