U Rwanda rwagaragaje ko rwishimiye abacamanza batanu batowe n’Inteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye (UN) n’Inama y’Umutekano yawo, kugira ngo bajye mu bagize Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rw’Ubutabera (International Court of Justice – ICJ), rufite inshingano zo gukemura amakimbirane ashingiye ku mategeko hagati y’ibihugu.
Abo bacamanza batowe ku wa Kabiri, tariki ya 3 Ugushyingo 2026, ni Phoebe Okowa wo muri Kenya, Dapo Akande wo mu Bwongereza, François Alabrune wo mu Bufaransa, Mahmoud Daifallah Hmoud wo muri Yorudaniya na Rena Lee wo muri Singapore.
Amatora yabereye ku cyicaro gikuru cy’Umuryango w’Abibumbye i New York, aho ibihugu bigize uyu muryango byatoye abazahabwa inshingano zo kuba mu bagize uru Rukiko mu gihe cy’imyaka icyenda, guhera ku wa 6 Gashyantare 2027.
U Rwanda rwagaragaje ko rwishimiye ibyavuye muri aya matora, rushimangira ko rwiteze ko abacamanza bashya bazakomeza gushyigikira inshingano z’uru Rukiko, cyane cyane mu guteza imbere iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mpuzamahanga, gukemura amakimbirane mu mahoro no guharanira ko ubutabera bwubahirizwa ku rwego mpuzamahanga.
Kugira ngo umukandida atsinde aya matora, yasabwaga kubona amajwi asabwa haba mu Nteko Rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ndetse no mu Nama y’Umutekano. Abacamanza bane babanje kubona ubwiganze bw’amajwi bukenewe, mu gihe uwari uhagarariye Kenya, Phoebe Okowa, yaje gutorwa nyuma y’uko habayeho andi matora yo kuzuza umwanya wari usigaye.
Amakuru atangazwa n’Umuryango w’Abibumbye agaragaza ko Okowa yabonye amajwi 183 mu Nteko Rusange, bityo yinjira mu bandi bane bari bamaze gutorwa.
Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rw’Ubutabera rufite icyicaro i La Haye mu Buholandi, ni rwo rwego rukuru rw’ubutabera mu Muryango w’Abibumbye. Rwashinzwe mu 1945, rutangira gukora mu 1946, rukaba rugizwe n’abacamanza 15 baturuka mu bihugu bitandukanye.
Inshingano zarwo zirimo gukemura ibibazo by’amategeko ibihugu bishyikiriza urwo Rukiko, ndetse no gutanga ibitekerezo by’amategeko ku bibazo birebana n’amategeko mpuzamahanga, iyo rusabwe n’inzego zibifitiye ububasha mu Muryango w’Abibumbye.
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Mu bibazo rushobora kuburanisha harimo amakimbirane ashingiye ku mbibi z’ibihugu, ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amasezerano mpuzamahanga, uburenganzira bw’ibihugu n’ibindi bibazo birebana n’imibanire mpuzamahanga.
Uru Rukiko rutandukanye n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha (International Criminal Court – ICC), rwo ruburanisha abantu bakekwaho ibyaha bikomeye mpuzamahanga, birimo ibyaha bya jenoside, ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu n’ibyaha by’intambara.
Amatora abaye mu gihe Urukiko ruhanganye n’imanza nyinshi
Aya matora abaye mu gihe Urukiko Mpuzamahanga rw’Ubutabera rufite akazi kenshi, aho Perezida warwo, Yuji Iwasawa, yatangaje ko kugeza ku wa 29 Ukwakira 2026 hari imanza 24 zari zitararangizwa, zirimo izirebana n’ubutaka, uburenganzira bwa muntu n’iyubahirizwa ry’amasezerano mpuzamahanga.
Muri izo manza harimo ikirego cya Afurika y’Epfo irega Israel mu Rukiko, ishingiye ku masezerano mpuzamahanga yo gukumira no guhana icyaha cya jenoside, ikirego Urukiko rwigeze gufatiramo ibyemezo by’agateganyo, nubwo rutari rwaratanga umwanzuro wa nyuma ku birego byatanzwe.
Kuba uru Rukiko rukomeje kwakira ibibazo byinshi bigaragaza uruhare rukomeye rufite mu miyoborere y’ubutabera mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane mu gihe ibihugu bikomeje kugirana amakimbirane asaba ibisubizo bishingiye ku mategeko no mu nzira z’amahoro.
Abacamanza batanu bashya bazatangira inshingano zabo muri Gashyantare 2027, aho bazafatanya n’abandi bagize uru Rukiko mu gukomeza gushyira mu bikorwa inshingano zarwo zo guteza imbere ubutabera n’iyubahirizwa ry’amategeko mpuzamahanga.
