Umunya-Afurika y’Epfo Navi Pillay, wamamaye mu butabera mpuzamahanga no guharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu, ni we wegukanye Igihembo cy’Amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel cya 2026, kubera uruhare yagize mu guteza imbere amahoro no kubahiriza amategeko mpuzamahanga.
Komite ya Nobel yo muri Noruveje yatangaje ko iki gihembo gihaye agaciro ibikorwa Pillay yakoze mu gihe cy’imyaka myinshi, birimo guharanira ko ibyaha by’intambara, ibyibasiye inyokomuntu na Jenoside bikurikiranwa n’ubutabera.
Mu kiganiro yatangarijemo uwatsindiye igihembo, Jørgen Watne Frydnes, uyobora Komite ya Nobel ishinzwe gutanga Igihembo cy’Amahoro, yavuze ko atari yabashije kuvugana na Pillay ako kanya. Yaboneyeho gusetsa abari bakurikiye itangazo, avuga ko aramutse abonye nimero ya telefone yo muri Noruveje imuhamagaye, yayitaba, mu rwenya rwinshi yagize ati:”Sinabashije kumufatisha igihe cyose namuhamagaye, nyamuneka abamwegereye bamumbwirire ko nabona terefone yo muri Norvege yayitaba bakamubwira ko mukeneye”.
Navi Pillay, ufite imyaka 85, yavukiye i Durban muri Afurika y’Epfo, mu muryango ufite inkomoko mu Buhinde. Yize amategeko, aza kumenyekana mu bikorwa byo kurwanya ivangura rishingiye ku ruhu no kurengera uburenganzira bwa muntu mu gihe cy’ubutegetsi bw’ivanguraruhu muri Afurika y’Epfo.
Mu 1995, yagizwe umucamanza mu Rukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (TPIR), rwakoraga ruri i Arusha muri Tanzania. Yabaye muri uru rukiko kugeza mu mwaka w’i 2003, aho imyaka ine ya nyuma yayimaze ari Perezida warwo.
Mu kazi yakoze muri TPIR, Pillay yagize uruhare rukomeye mu mateka y’ubutabera mpuzamahanga, cyane cyane mu byemezo byagaragaje ko gufata abagore ku ngufu bishobora kuba icyaha cya Jenoside cyangwa icyaha cyibasiye inyokomuntu, bitewe n’imiterere n’intego byacyo.
Nyuma yaho, yakomeje gukora mu nzego mpuzamahanga z’ubutabera, anaba Komiseri Mukuru wa Loni ushinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu hagati ya 2008 na 2014.
Yakurikiranye ibibazo by’uburenganzira bwa muntu muri Palestine
Mu zindi nshingano ze, Pillay yabaye umwe mu bayobozi ba komisiyo mpuzamahanga yigenga ya Loni yakoze iperereza ku bibazo by’uburenganzira bwa muntu mu butaka bwa Palestine bwigaruriwe.
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Iyi komisiyo yashyizweho mu 2021 n’Inama ya Loni ishinzwe uburenganzira bwa muntu. Ibikorwa byayo byagize uruhare mu mpaka mpuzamahanga ku kurengera abasivili, kubazwa inshingano ku byaha bikorerwa mu ntambara no kubahiriza amategeko agenga intambara.
Uruhare rwe muri ibyo bikorwa rwamushyize mu bantu bazwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga mu guharanira ko amategeko mpuzamahanga yubahirizwa, hatitawe ku rwego cyangwa ububasha bw’abaregwa.
Nobel y’Amahoro imaze amateka arenga ijana
Igihembo cy’Amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel gitangwa buri mwaka ku bantu cyangwa imiryango bagize uruhare rukomeye mu guteza imbere amahoro, uburenganzira bwa muntu n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga.
Mu bagitsindiye mu myaka yashize harimo umubikira Mother Teresa, Malala Yousafzai na Barack Obama.
Mu 2025, cyahawe María Corina Machado, umunyapolitiki wo muri Venezuela, kubera ibikorwa bye byo guharanira uburenganzira bwa demokarasi no gushaka ko igihugu cye kigira impinduka za politiki mu mahoro.
Kwegukana iki gihembo kwa Navi Pillay gushyize mu ruhame uruhare rw’ubutabera n’amategeko mpuzamahanga mu gushaka amahoro arambye, cyane cyane mu gihe ibibazo by’intambara, ihohoterwa n’ubudahangarwa ku byaha bikomeje kuba ingorabahizi ku muryango mpuzamahanga.
